A Commentary on the Child Psychology

Abstract

Child abuse is that the physical, sexual or emotional abuse or neglect of a baby or child. In the u. s., the Centers for illness management and bar (CDC) and also the Department children for youngsters for child and Families (DCF) outline child abuse as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent or alternative caregiver that ends up in damage, potential for damage, or threat of damage to a child .Child abuse will occur in an exceedingly child's home, or within the organizations, faculties or communities the child interacts with. There are four major classes of child abuse: neglect, physical abuse, psychological or emotional abuse, and sexual assault. Most abused child suffer larger emotional than physical harm. Associate degree abused child could become depressed. He or she could withdraw, consider suicide or become violent. Associate degree older child could use medicine or alcohol, attempt to run away or abuse others. Abuse may be a major problem. If you believe a child is being abused or neglected, decision the police or your native kid welfare agency.

Keywords

Child abuse, 'National abuse Statistics, Physical damage, WHO, ADHD.

Introduction

每年,超过三百万儿童ab的报告use are created within the U.S, per 'National abuse Statistics'. In addition, for each case that's rumored, another case of child abuse goes unreported. This suggests that just about 60,000 child suffer from abuse weekly, or nearly 8300 child per day [1-3]。

There are many forms of abuse, however the core part that ties them along is that the emotional impact on the child. Child would like sure thing, structure, clear boundaries, and also the information that their folks are looking for his or her safety. Abused child cannot predict however their folks can act [4-7]。Their world is haphazard, scary place with no rules. Whether or not the abuse may be a slap, a harsh comment, stony silence, or not knowing if there'll be dinner on the table tonight, the tip result's a child that feel unsafe, uncared for, and alone.

Physical abuse involves physical damage or injury to the child. It should be the results of a deliberate commit to hurt the child, however not continually. It can even result from severe discipline, like employing a belt on a child, or physical penalty that's inappropriate to the child’s age or vigor [8-10]。Emotional abuse will severely harm a child’s psychological state or social development, effort long psychological scars. Samples of emotional abuse include: Exposing the child to violence or the abuse of others, whether or not or not it's the abuse of a parent, a sibling, or maybe a pet. Child neglect—a quite common variety of child abuse—is a pattern of failing to produce for a child's basic desires, whether or not or not it's adequate food, clothing, hygiene, or superintendence. Mal isn't continually simple to identify. Sometimes, a parent may become physically or mentally unable to worry for a child, like with a heavy injury, untreated depression, or anxiety [11-16]。

In 2010, the German government and also the Roman Catholic Church in European nation every got wind of a important incident news system (CIRS) to assemble info on child sexual assault that had taken place at intervals the Church [17-19]。目标在每一种情况下是征求的故事from victims and former victims and permit them to possess input into a review method. The existence of those 2 similar systems, one initiated by the establishment concerned within the abuse and also the alternative by associate degree freelance entity, provided a chance to check the background and motivation of victims WHO selected to speak through one channel or the opposite. knowledge were obtained on a complete of 927 people, 571 through the church CIRS and 356 through the govt [20-23]。CIRS, WHO had rumored that they'd old childhood sexual assault at intervals the Roman Catholic Church. Some variations were found between the 2 teams in terms of gender, the rumored frequency of abuse, and also the need for compensation [24-28]。These variations highlight the necessity for a good grievance management system to supply not only 1 however complementary channels of communication. Additionally, the findings ensure the practice ableness and price of a CIRS approach and also the use of supposed ‘citizen science’ in politically driven review processes [29-31]。

Attention deficit upset disorder (ADHD) could be a comparatively common condition of childhood onset and is of serious public health concern. Over the past two decades there are nineteen community-based studies giving estimates of prevalence starting from two to Revolutionary Organization 17 November [32-38]。这些估计squa戏剧性的变化re measure because of the selection of informant, ways of sampling and information assortment, and therefore the diagnostic definition.Attention deficit disorder disorder (ADHD) could be a disorder that seems in infancy, you' ll comprehend it by the name attention deficit disorder, or ADD. ADD/ADHD makes it troublesome for folks to inhibit their spontaneous responses—responses which will involve everything from movement to speech to attentivenes.The signs and symptoms of ADD/ADHD generally seem before the age of seven. However, it may be troublesome to tell apart between attention deficit disorder and traditional “kid behavior.”

The primary characteristics of ADD / ADD disorder|ADHD|hyperkinetic syndrome|minimal brain dysfunction|minimal brain damage|MBD|syndrome. When many folks think about attention deficit disorder, they image Associate in Nursing out-of-control child in constant motion, bouncing off the walls and disrupting everybody around [39-45]。However this can be not the sole potential image.Some youngsters with ADD/ADHD area unit active, whereas others sit quietly—with their attention miles away. Some place an excessive amount of concentrate on a task and have bother shifting it to one thing else. Others area unit solely gently inattentive, however to a fault impulsive [46-50]。

The 3 primary characteristics of ADD / minimal brain damage The 3 primary characteristics of ADD/ADHD area unit basic cognitive process, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The signs and symptoms a toddler attentively deficit disorder has depends on that characteristics predominate [51-58]。

Children with ADD/ADHD could be

Inattentive, however not active or impulsive.

Active and impulsive, however ready to concentrate.

Inattentive, active, and impulsive (the most typical sort of ADD/ADHD) [59-62]。

Children UN agency solely have inattentive symptoms of ADD/ADHD area unit typically unnoted, since they’re not turbulent. However, the symptoms of basic cognitive process have consequences: going in quandary with folks and lecturers for not following directions; underperforming in school; or incompatible with different youngsters over not taking part in by the principles [63-66]。

Symptoms of impulsivity in children

Blurts out answers in school while not waiting to be referred to as on or hear the entire question

Can’t await his or her flip in line or in games

Says the incorrect factor at the incorrect time

Intrudes on alternative people’s conversations or games

Inability to stay powerful emotions in restraint, leading to angry outbursts or temper tantrums

Guesses, instead of taking time to resolve a tangle

Scientists aren't certain what causes minimal brain dysfunction, though several studies counsel that genes play an outsized role [67-72]。Like several alternative diseases, minimal brain dysfunction most likely results from a mix of things. Additionally to biological science, researchers are observing potential environmental factors, and are finding out however brain injuries, nutrition, and therefore the social atmosphere may contribute to minimal brain dysfunction. Results from many international studies of twins show that minimal brain dysfunction typically runs in families. Researchers are observing many genes which will create individuals additional possible to develop the disorder.4,5 Knowing the genes concerned might at some point facilitate researchers stop the disorder before symptoms develop. Learning concerning specific genes might additionally result in higher s [73-80]。

A study of youngsters with minimal brain dysfunction found that those that carry a selected version of an exact cistron have agent brain tissue within the areas of the brain related to attention. This analysis showed that the distinction wasn't permanent, however, and as youngsters with this cistron grew up, the brain developed to a traditional level of thickness. Their minimal brain dysfunction symptoms additionally improved [81-85]。

Researchers are finding out genetic variations which will or might not be genetic, like duplications or deletions of a phase of desoxyribonucleic acid. These "copy variety variations" (CNVs) will embrace several genes. Some CNVs occur additional often among individuals with minimal brain dysfunction than in unaffected individuals, suggesting a potential role within the development of the disorder [86-90]。Studies counsel a possible link between fag smoking and alcohol use throughout maternity and minimal brain dysfunction in youngsters.9,10 additionally, preschoolers who are exposed to high levels of lead, which might typically be found in plumbing fixtures or paint in previous buildings, have a better risk of developing minimal brain dysfunction.

youngsters who have suffered a brain injury might show some behaviors kind of like those of minimal brain dysfunction. However, solely atiny low share of youngsters with minimal brain dysfunction have suffered a traumatic brain injury.Sugar. the concept that sweetener causes minimal brain dysfunction or makes symptoms worse is widespread, however additional analysis discounts this theory than supports it.12 In one study, researchers gave youngsters foods containing either sugar or a sugar substitute each alternative day. the kids who received sugar showed no completely different behavior or learning capabilities than those that received the sugar substitute.13 Another study within which youngsters got over average amounts of sugar or sugar substitutes showed similar results [91-94]。

在另一项研究中,年轻人被认为的年代ugar-sensitive by their mothers got the sugar substitute sweetener, additionally called Nutrasweet. though all the kids got sweetener, 0.5 their mothers were told their youngsters got sugar, and therefore the partner were told their youngsters got sweetener. The mothers WHO thought their youngsters had gotten sugar rated them as additional active than the opposite youngsters and were additional crucial of their behavior, compared to mothers WHO thought their youngsters received sweetener [95-97]。

There's presently no analysis showing that artificial foodstuff causes minimal brain dysfunction. However, atiny low variety of youngsters with minimal brain dysfunction is also sensitive to food dyes, artificial flavors, preservatives, or alternative food additives, they'll expertise fewer minimal brain dysfunction symptoms on a diet while not additives, however such diets ar typically troublesome to keep up.

用心的孩子缺失紊乱失调(ADHD) and brain doctor syndrome (TS) has been problematic as a result of Ritalin (MPH), the foremost ordinarily used drug to treat hyperkinetic syndrome, has been reportable to worsen tics and since antihypertensive (CLON), the foremost ordinarily prescribed various, has on trial effectualness. during a randomised, double-blind test, 136 youngsters with hyperkinetic syndrome and a chronic twitch disorder were indiscriminately administered organism alone, MPH alone, combined organism + MPH, or placebo. Ss participated for sixteen wks. Results show that vital improvement occurred for Ss allotted to organism and people allotted to MPH. Compared with placebo, the best profit occurred with combined organism + MPH. organism seemed to be most useful for impulsivity and hyperactivity; MPH seemed to be most useful for basic cognitive process [98-100]

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) could be a neurodevelopmental syndrome originating in childhood, poignant 5–10% of young persons. Males ar a lot of unremarkably affected than females. Symptoms embrace developmentally inappropriate levels of basic cognitive process and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. people with minimal brain damage exhibit vital levels of impairment throughout the lifetime, with comorbidities common. Heritability is substantial; many environmental and genetic risk factors are known, that ar seemingly to move synergistically in shaping onset, course, and outcome. Fronto-striatal brain circuits ar powerfully involved. Effective interventions embrace stimulant medications and behavioural approaches, with comorbidities typically requiring extra interventions. long maintenance of gains could be a continued challenge.

Studies within the general population have shown a prevalence of adult ADD of 3–5%. However, among persons with a substance use disorder (SUD) the prevalence rate is considerably higher. However, prevalence rates vary greatly in several studies, thanks to the variation in measuring ways and patient characteristics, together with age, country and first substance of abuse. in an exceedingly recent international, multi-centre study applying an equivalent assessment ways altogether participants from centres in ten countries, the prevalence of adult Delawareficit disorder|ADD|attention deficit hyperactivity disorder|ADHD|hyperkinetic syndrome|minimal brain dysfunction|minimal brain damage|MBD|syndrome} in seeking SUD patients still ranged from 6 June 1944 to thirty third with a median of Bastille Day (van de Glind et al., 2013), suggesting that health care organization, setting and patient characteristics play a crucial role within the attraction of ADD patients to addiction centres.

References

1. Forns M et al. The Ability of Multi-Type Mal and Poly-Victimization Approaches to Reflect Psychopathological Impairment of Victimization in Spanish Community Adolescents. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:187.
2. Stone MH. Marijuana and Psychosis: The Effects of Adolescent Abuse of Marijuana and other Drugs in a Group of Forensic Psychiatric Patients. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:188.
3. Soboka B and KejelaG.Assessment of Risky Sexual Behaviors among Arba Minch University Students, Arba Minch Town, Snnpr, Ethiopia. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:189.
4. Hoffman S et al. A Psychometric Assessment of the Newest Vital Sign among Youth in Guatemala City. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:190.
5. Thomas Re and MaruG.What Resources, Toys, Appliances and Print Materials Would Parents of Autistic Children find on The Internet, in Libraries and Shops, and how many are Evidence-Based? J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:191.
6. Pérez BarreroSA.Parents and Suicide. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:192.
7. Pangapanga P etal.Unpacking Forms, Causes and Effects of Abuse on Child Development in Southern Malawi Communities. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:193
8. Blood GW and Blood IM.Psychological Health and Coping Strategies of Adolescents with Chronic Stuttering . J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:194
9. Alhyas L et al. Parents’ Perceptions and Beliefs on Adolescence and Substance Use: A Preliminary Qualitative Study in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates [UAE]. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:195.
10. Pbert L etal.Designing and Testing the Feasibility of a Multi-level Intervention to Treat Adolescent Obesity in the Pediatric Primary Care Setting. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:196.
11. Diehl SB etal.Healthy Living Interventions in a Residential Girl Scout Camp. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:197.
12. Liu T et al. Motor Proficiency of the Head Start and Typically Developing Children on MABC-2. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3: 198
13. ShiinaA.Current Issues around Child and Adolescent Behaviors. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 1:e101
14. Kanemura H and Aihara M. Behavioral Consequences in Children with Epilepsy. J ClinExp Cardiolog.2013; 1:e102.
15. Hoogenhout M et al. Young Children Display Contagious Yawning When Looking at the Eyes. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:101.
16. Mukhayer AI et al. Determinants of Dietary Behaviors of School Going Adolescents in Sudan. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:102.
17. Ammerman S et al. Sexual Behaviors, Substance Use, and Mood in a Cohort of Homeless Youth: Comparisons between Homeless Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Youth. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:103.
18. Sharma S et al. Relationship of Physical Activity Self-Efficacy and Psychobehavioral Characteristics of Overweight and Obese African American Children. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:104.
19. Watson GC etal.Parental Behavioral Control as a Moderator between Close Friend Support and Conduct Problems. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:105.
20. Boothroyd RA and Armstrong MI. Why are we Afraid to Screen Adolescents for Depression? J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:e103.
21. Barr-Anderson DJ etal.Television Viewing and Food Choice Patterns in a Sample of Predominantly Ethnic Minority Youth. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:106.
22. Marcus Jenkins JV et al. Direct and Indirect Effects of Brain Volume, Socioeconomic Status and Family Stress on Child IQ. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:107.
23. Slater S et al. How Well Do Adolescents Know Their Local Parks? Test-Retest Reliability and Validity of an Adolescent Self-Report Park Survey for Diverse Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:108.
24. O’Rourke DJ et al. Parent-initiated Motivational Climate and Young Athletes’ Intrinsic-Extrinsic Motivation: Crosssectional and Longitudinal Relations. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:109.
25. Abrishami GF and Warren JS.Therapeutic Alliance and Outcomes in Children and Adolescents Served in a Community Mental Health System. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:110.
26. Sit CH et al. Assessment of Measures of Physical Activity of Children with Cerebral Palsy at Home and School: A Pilot Study. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1: 112
27. de Matos MG etal.Does Physical Activity Promotion Advantages Need the Identification of Associated Health Compromising Features such as Injuries, Alcohol Use and Interpersonal Violence? Highlights from HBSC/ WHO Portuguese Survey. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:113
28. Fröjd S et al. Depression Predicts Smoking among Adolescent Girls but Not among Boys. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:114.
29. Ramsay S.Type and Frequency of Food Images in Parenting Magazines: Identifying Areas for Improvement. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:115.
30. Sidor A et al. Early Regulatory Problems in Infancy and Psychopathological Symptoms at 24 Months: A Longitudinal Study in a High-risk Sample. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:116.
31. Thompson SJ et al. How do Runaway Adolescents and their Parents Perceive the Family? Measurement Invariance in the Family Functioning Scale. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1:117.
32. Higgins JW et al. Health Promoting Secondary Schools: Community-Based Research Examining Voice, Choice and the School Setting. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 1: 118.
33. Teasley M. Cyberbullying, Youth Behavior and Society. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 2:120.
34. Moksnes UK etal.The Relationship between Stress, Leisure Time Vigorous Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents. J Child Adolesc Behav.2013; 2:120.
35. Klevens J and Hall J. The Importance of Parental Warmth, Support, and Control in Preventing Adolescent Misbehavior. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:121
36. Martin SL et al. The Maine Nutrition and Physical Activity Self Assessment for Childcare (NAP SACC)Experience. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:122.
37. Liu T etal.Gross Motor Performance by Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Children on Tgmd-2. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:123.
38. Patti-Jean N etal.Screen Smart: Evaluation of a Brief School Facilitated and Family Focused Intervention to Encourage Children to Manage Their Screen-Time. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:124.
39. Khan M et al. Association of Family Structure and its Environment with Aggressive Behaviour of Children (6-8years)in a Rural Community. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:125.
40. Kreatsoulas C et al. Accuracy of Self-Reported Height and Weight to Determine Body Mass Index Among Youth. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:126.
41. Wang M et al. The Role of Social Support vs. Modeling on Adolescents' Diet and Physical Activity: Findings from a School-based Weight Management Trial. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:132
42. Caraveo JJ. Familial Risk Across Three Generations and Psychosocial Correlates for Developing Psychopathology in a Changing World. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:131.
43. Anne Koch et al. Increased Attentional Bias towards Food Pictures in Overweight and Obese Children. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:130
44. Payne LA et al. Relationship of Salivary Alpha Amylase and Cortisol to Social Anxiety in Healthy Children Undergoing Laboratory Pain Tasks. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:129.
45. MaaikeCima et al. Don’t you Dare Look at me, or else: Negative and Aggressive Interpretation Bias, Callous Unemotional Traits and Type of Aggression. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:128.
46. La Tonya Noel et al. A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Depression Prevention Curriculum for Rural Middle School Girls: Initial Findings and 6-Month Follow-up. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:127.
47. Kairi K and De Leo D. Regions with the Highest Suicide Rates for Children and Adolescents – Some Observations. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:e104.
48. Daniel Houlihan.Adolescents and the Social Media: The Coming Storm. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:e105.
49. de la Barra F et al。分离焦虑、社会Ph值obia and Generalized Anxiety Disorders in the Chilean Epidemiological Study of Children and Adolescents. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:133.
50. Field T et al. Face-to-face Interaction Behaviors of Preadolescent Same-Sex and Opposite-Sex Friends and Acquaintances. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:134.
51. Puri M etal.Major Depressive Disorder: A Case of an Adolescent Female with Russell-Silver Syndrome. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:135.
52. Avi-Itzhak T et al. Testing the Cross-Cultural Clinical Utility of the VMI for Palestinian, Israeli, and American Typically Developing Kindergarten Children. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:136.
53. Puri M and Islam F.Trauma, Abuse and Foster Placement and the Development of ADHD. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:137.
54. Tougas AM et al. The Potential Role of Benefit and Burden Finding in School Engagement of Young Leukemia Survivors: An Exploratory Study . J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:138.
55. MatalÃ-Costa J et al. Social Isolation and the “Shelteredâ€? Profile in Adolescents with Internet Addiction. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:139
56. Lang K and Tchanturia K. A Systematic Review of Central Coherence in Young People with Anorexia Nervosa. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:140.
57. Puri M and Littlefield.A Case of a 13 Year-Old Female with Eating Disorder, Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Major Depression: Abroad Review of the Literature. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:141.
58. Doksat NG and Doksat MK.A Case of Profound Weight Loss Secondary to use of Reboxetine. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:142.
59. StraburgerVC.Children, Adolescents, and Media in the U.S.: What are the Next Steps to Take?. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:143.
60. Robinson LE etal.Accuracy of Self-reported Height and Weight in low-income, Rural African American Children. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:144.
61. Soori H et al. Epidemiological Pattern of Bullying among School Children in Mazandaran Province-Iran. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:145.
62. McBride KS and Cole DA.Mediators of the Relation between Depression and Obesity in Youth. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:146.
63. Campos RC and MesquitaC.Testing a Model of Suicidality in Community Adolescents: A Brief Report. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:147.
64. Kolthof HJ et al. Multiproblem or Multirisk Families? A Broad Review of the Literature. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:148.
65. Lapidot-Lefler N and Dolev-Cohen M. Differences in Social Skills among Cyberbullies, Cybervictims, Cyberbystanders, and Those Not Involved in Cyberbullying. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:149.
66. Button B and Janssen I. Interaction Between School Built Environments and Physical Activity Policies and Programs on Student Physical Activity . J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:150.
67. Yannauxemery. Munchhausen Syndrome by Proxy with Psychiatric Features. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:151.
68. McConnell etal.Got Health?: A Student-Led Inquiry Youth Engagement Project. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:153.
69. Tang YY et al. Short-Term Meditation Intervention Improves Self-Regulation and Academic Performance . J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:154.
70. OlarotimiRS.The Sway of Gender and Anxiety on Perception of Personal Space. J Child AdolescBehav .2014; 2:155.
71. GrimaldiCapitello T et al. Dysfunctional Behaviors in Children and Adolescents with Neurocardiogenic Syncope. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:156.
72. Downing-Matibag T and NeymotinF.Adolescent Obesity: A Barrier to Mate Selection?. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:157.
73. Kröner-Herwig B et al. Self-Esteem in a German Population Sample of Children and Adolescents: Association with Demographic and Psychosocial Variables. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:158.
74. GrimaldiCapitello T et al. Parental Perception of Emotional Problems in Children and Adolescents with Mixed Specific Developmental Disorder . J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:159
75. HussainiKS.Assessing the Possible Impact of Child and Family Teams in Arizona Using Propensity Scores. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:160
76. Meyers MJ et al. Positive Impact of a Brief Nutrition Education Intervention on Underserved Adolescents: A Pilot Study. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:161.
77. Terasawa K, Misaki S et al. Relevance between Alzheimer’s Disease Patients and Normal Subjects Using Go/No-Go Tasks and Alzheimer Assessment Scores. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:162.
78. Leddie G.A Compelling Conference Addressing Underlying Themes in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Research, Assessment and . J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:163.
79. Maninder Singh. Myths about Diabetes among Adolescents and Their Parents. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:164
80. Castelao CF等等。一个适应的文献e for Social Anxiety and Social Competence Deficits (SASKO)for Adolescents and its Evaluation in a German Student Sample. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:174.
81. Eryigit-Madzwamuse S and Barnes J.Patterns of Childcare Arrangements and Cognitive Development . J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:165.
82. Agina AM. An Analytical Reflection towards Understanding the Effect of Children's Behavioral Regulation (CBR)on Children's Behavioral Nutrition (CBN) Through Computer-based Edutainment Environments. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:166.
83. Post RM . The Importance of Early Identification and of Childhood Onset Bipolar Disorder: Creating Specialty Care. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:167.
84. Hotulainen R et al. Changes and Stability in Daily Cortisol Values and Their Correlation to Attention Measured In a Prolonged Working Task among Finnish Six-Year-Old Day-Care Children. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:168.
85. Martin KE et al. 'I Don't have the Best Life': A Qualitative Exploration of Adolescent Loneliness. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:169.
86. Islam MS et al. Children Living in HIV Families: A Review. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:170.
87. Cyr C, Dubois-Comtois K et al. Transmission of Attachment at Preschool-Age: The Mediating Role of Mother-Child Conversation Styles. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 5:171.
88. Zhang et al. Social Cognitive Beliefs Predicting Children’s Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Fitness in Physical Education . J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:172.
89. Reece LJ et al. Protocol for: The Use of Intra-Gastric Balloons as an Adjunct to a Lifestyle Support Programme to Promote Weight Loss in Severely Obese Adolescents. J Child Adolesc Behav.2014; 2:173
90. BjörkqvistK ."White rage": Bullying as an Antecedent of School Shootings. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:175.
91. Ponizovsky AM and Mansbach-KleinfeldI.Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Use of Services in an Immigrant Adolescent Population: Findings from a National Mental Health Survey. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:176
92. Singh P etal.Parent-Child Relationships in Children presentingwithSomatic complaints: A Comparative Study. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:177.
93. Cassidy T. Adult Judgments of Children's Veracity: The Role of Parenthood and Interpersonal Sensitivity . J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:178.
94. Kamp IV etal.The Effects of Noise Disturbed Sleep in Children on CognitiveDevelopmentandLongTerm Health. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:179.
95. Silverstone PH et al. Design of a Comprehensive one-year program at the Be Brave Ranch to help children who have been victims of Sexual Abuse . J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:180.
96. BuncV.Active Lifestyle and Health State Determinants in Czech Children. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:181.
97. Dereje N et al. Prevalence and Predictors of Cigarette Smoking among Adolescents of Ethiopia: School Based Cross Sectional Survey. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:182.
98. Taylor RW et al. Wanting to and Doing So: Parental Intent to Change Weight Does Not Translate Into Behavior. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:183
99. Remijn L et al. Multiple Case Study to Describe Influencing Factors on Effectiveness of an Interdisciplinary In-Patient Intervention for Feeding Problems in Children. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:184
100. Alqahtani N et al. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors as Risk Factors of Obesity among Rural Adolescents. J Child Adolesc Behav.2015; 3:185.