登革热:症状和预防机制

登革热是一种热带蚊子携带的疾病由登革热病毒引起的。这些可能包括发烧、头痛、呕吐、肌肉和关节痛以及出疹。在极少数情况下,这种疾病发展成严重的登革热,导致出血、低血浆水平和血浆泄漏,或登革热,危险的低血压发生。随后的感染以不同的方式增加严重并发症的风险。众多测试可以确定诊断,包括病毒抗体或RNA。疫苗只建议对于那些以前被感染或先前的感染率高的人当他们九岁。其他预防措施包括减少蚊子繁殖地和减少暴露于咬伤。治疗危险的登革热是行政支持,包括口服或静脉注射对慢性或温和的疾病。扑热息痛推荐的非甾体抗炎药以减少发热和疼痛缓解登革热由于增加出血的风险与非甾体抗炎药的使用。显著的症状登革热是突然出现发烧、头痛、肌肉和关节痛以及出疹。 The course of infection is divided into three stages: febrile, acute, and recovery. Dengue can sometimes affect other body systems, either alone or with the old symptoms of dengue. Decreased levels of awareness occur in severe cases, caused by inflammation of the brain by a virus or indirectly due to deformity of vital organs. Other forms of personal transmission, including sexually transmitted infections, have also been reported, but are less common. Genetic variation in dengue viruses is specific to the region, which suggests that the establishment of new habitats is rare, despite the emergence of dengue in new areas in recent decades. Severe infections are more common in children and young children, and unlike many other illnesses, they are more common in malnourished children. Although each serotype can cause a full spectrum of infections, the type of virus is a dangerous factor. Infection with one serotype is thought to produce lifelong protection in that species, but only short-term protection against the other three. When a mosquito infected with the dengue virus bites a person, the virus enters the skin along with the mosquito's saliva. It binds and enters the white blood cells, and produces inside the cells as it travels throughout the body. White blood cells respond by producing a number of signaling proteins, such as cytokines and interferons, which trigger a host of symptoms, such as fever, flu-like symptoms, and severe pain. In severe cases, the production of viruses within the body increases dramatically, and many organs can be affected. Fluid from the bloodstream leaks into the wall of the small arteries and enters the arteries as a result of capillary infiltration. As a result, the blood supply to the arteries decreases and blood pressure is so low that it cannot supply enough blood to vital organs. In addition, bone marrow dysfunction due to stromal cell infection results in reduced platelet count, which is needed for proper blood clotting; this increases the risk of bleeding, another major complication of dengue fever. Diagnosis of dengue is usually performed clinically, on the basis of reported symptoms and physical examination; this applies especially to permanent areas. However, the first disease can be difficult to distinguish from other bacterial infections. Regular spraying with organophosphate or pyrethroid pesticides, while sometimes done, is not considered effective. Reducing open water collection through environmental modification is the preferred method of control, given the concern for adverse health effects from pesticides and the greater difficulty of working with regulatory agents.

确认

没有一个

的利益冲突

没有一个