聚合物基复合材料-在基体纤维间传递载荷

描述

pmc中的基质负责将纤维粘合在一起并在它们之间传递负载。热固性塑料或热塑性塑料通常用作pmc基质。到目前为止，热固性塑料是最常见的品种。环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯和聚酰亚胺是用于热固性树脂的树脂体系。环氧树脂溶液是目前先进复合材料行业中最受欢迎的。聚合物基复合材料(PMC)是一种由有机聚合物基质组成的复合材料，它将一系列短或连续的纤维连接在一起。pmc用于在基质纤维之间传递负载。重量小，抗磨损和抗腐蚀能力强，增强体方向刚度和强度高，这只是pmc的一些好处。

为了产生固化或成品，热固性树脂需要添加固化剂或硬化剂并浸渍到增强材料上，然后进行固化程序。除了精加工，部分不能修改或重建一旦它已固化。环氧树脂，聚氨酯，酚醛树脂和氨基树脂，双马来酰亚胺(BMI，聚酰亚胺)和聚酰胺是一些最普遍的热固性树脂。环氧树脂是工业中应用最广泛的这些材料。环氧树脂在美国的工业中已经使用了40多年。缩水甘油化合物是环氧化合物的另一种名称。环氧分子也可以被拉伸或与其他分子交联，以产生各种各样的树脂化合物，每种化合物都有自己的一套特性。低粘度液体到高分子量固体都是可用的树脂。它们通常是高粘度的液体。固化剂，通常被称为硬化剂，是先进复合材料体系的第二重要组成部分。 These chemicals are crucial because they regulate the reaction rate and influence the completed part's performance characteristics. These chemicals must have active spots on their molecules because they act as catalysts for the reaction. Aromatic amines are some of the most extensively utilized curing agents in the advanced composite industry. Methylene-Dianiline (MDA) and sulfonyldianiline are two of the most frequent (DDS). The advanced composite sector also employs a variety of different curing chemicals. Aliphatic and cycloaliphatic amines, polyaminoamides, amides, and anhydrides are among them. The choice of curing agent is again determined by the desired cure and performance qualities of the completed item. Another type of resin used in advanced composite techniques is polyurethane. The polyol component is combined with an isocyanate chemical, most often Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), though Methylene Diisocyanate (MDI) and Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) are also commonly employed. Another type of PMC resin is phenolic and amino resins. Bismaleimides and polyamides are relatively newer to the advanced composites market, and they have not received the same level of research as the other resins. Fiber-reinforced PMCs have a volume of around 60% reinforcing fibre. Fiberglass, graphite, and aramid are some of the most prevalent fibres found in PMCs. In comparison to other fibres, fiberglass has a low stiffness while also having a competitive tensile strength. Fiberglass is also significantly less expensive than other fibres, which is why it is one of the most extensively used fibres. The mechanical characteristics of reinforcing fibres are highest along their lengths rather than their widths. Thus, depending on the application, the reinforcing fibres may be organized and orientated in various forms and directions to provide various physical features and advantages.