e-ISSN: 2319 - 9849
第一代抗精神病药物:药物动力学、药效学、治疗效果和副作用:审查
药物动力学、药效学、共同第一代抗精神病药物的疗效和副作用,治疗的副作用和可能的相关性进行了探讨。第一代抗精神病药物(投篮机会)也被称为典型的抗精神病药物,多巴胺拮抗剂,精神安定剂,传统、旧一代和经典抗精神病药代表第一组精神分裂症和其他精神病疾病的有效药物。它们包括在以下组:所有的抗精神病药物吩噻嗪类、丁酰苯,噻吨,dibenzoxazepines dihydroindoles, diphenylbutylpiperidines。第一代抗精神病药物的主要作用机理是多巴胺受体的突触后封锁(d2受体)。结果,他们减少多巴胺通路的多巴胺能神经传递。所有抗精神病药物被认为是同样有效。理由决定使用哪种药物是基于副作用。第一代抗精神病药是好吸收的口服药物或像双亲地。与大多数药物,口服导致可预测的吸收低于注射用。血浆药物浓度通常达到峰值水平1到4小时后摄入和30到60分钟后肌内(IM)管理。 They are metabolized in the liver by CYP450 enzymes. Three of the CYP450 enzymes such as CYP1A2, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 are involved in metabolism of first generation antipsychotics. The most serious side effects of dopamine receptor antagonists are neurological and are largely confined to the extrapyramidal motor system. Acute dystopia, Akathesia, Drug- Induced Parkinsonism, neuroeleptic malignant syndromes and tardive dyakinesia are common extrapyramidal side effects associated with use first generation antipsychotics. Postural hypotension, tachycardia, sedations, blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, and memory dysfunction are common non neurologic side effects of FGAs.
Getinet Ayano