潜伏性结核感染的患病率及相关危险因素(LTBI)在东Wollega纬向监狱,西方Oromia,埃塞俄比亚
背景:结核病仍是一个重要的全球公共卫生问题,世卫组织还设定了雄心勃勃的目标的新结核病例的发病率减少90%到2035年。然而,LTBI消除结核病是一个主要的障碍,因为不同的风险因素。因此,为了减少新结核病例的数量,改编自结束结核战略,国家LTBI筛查和治疗;特别是,在监狱里的环境。这是因为,在全球范围内,监狱代表结核病的主要机构放大器。本研究的目的是调查的患病率及相关危险因素在东Wollega LTBI纬向监狱,Nekemte镇西方Oromia,埃塞俄比亚。方法:横断面研究设计和系统抽样技术被用来选择一个样本的352年共有2620名囚犯年龄≥18年期间一个月(2019年7月)在东Wolllega监狱,西方Oromia,埃塞俄比亚。选中的囚犯使用结构化的预应力问卷采访;收集血液样本研究参与者和筛查LTBI使用移行细胞释放试验(干扰素释放)。数据分析使用SPSS版本25和使用逻辑回归模型的可能性LTBI发生和识别与LTBI相关危险因素。 Results: Overall prevalence of LTBI among prisoners was 51.17 % (95% CI: 46.45-57%) and with high prevalence in men, rather than women (53.0% vs. 43.5%, respectively), although no significant difference was highlighted. Using multiple logistic regressions, a prisoner’s age (age ≥45 years; AOR=2.48[1.04-5.9]), khat chewers (AOR=2.27[1.27-4.19]), staying >12 month in current incarceration (AOR=1.81[1.04-3.18]) and overcrowding (>100 individuals per cell; AOR=1.91[1.002-3.65]) were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05) predictors of LTBI. Conclusions: The high prevalence of LTBI among the prisoners requires immediate steps be taken to identify and treat LTBI and counsel those found to be positive in this setting. Routine screening of prisoners for both TB and LTBI up on entry was highly recommended intervention to halt TB transmission in prisons. Similarly, reduction of overcrowding per cells, educating not to chew khat in overcrowded, unhygienic and unventilated area and intensive monitoring of those stayed longer in prison may help reduce the TB transmission in this setting and in the community at large.
Dr.Basha Chekesa
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